News

China sets new standards for coal conversion projects

Source: www.chinamining.org   Citation: Reuters   Date: July 08, 2015

China`s energy regulator has released new draft guidelines for projects that convert coal to oil or gas, aiming to commit the sector to the strictest possible environmental standards, it said on Tuesday.

Beijing is looking for alternative sources of growth for its struggling coal sector, with more than 80 percent of domestic mining firms making losses as a result of slowing demand and chronic overcapacity.

Environmental groups have warned that coal-to-gas (CTG) and coal-to-liquid (CTL) projects will do little to cut carbon emissions or reduce pollution.

In a bid to allay concerns about the environmental risks of the process, projects will only be permitted in regions with sufficient water resources, the National Energy Administration said.

It said that any new project needed to be consistent with China`s overall plans to control coal consumption, and would be encouraged to prioritize the use of low-quality coals with high sulfur and ash content to reduce their use elsewhere.

CTL plants would be permitted to use a maximum of 3.7 metric tons of coal for each metric ton of oil produced, while CTG projects would have to use no more than 2.3 metric ton for every 1,000 cubic meters of gas produced, it said.

A decade ago, China encouraged miners and oil firms to establish CTL facilities in a bid to ease dependence on imported crude, and dozens of projects were planned.

But the government went cold on the technology in 2008 after global oil prices retreated, eroding the competitiveness of CTL. The technology also raised concerns about the use of scarce water resources in coal-rich regions like Ningxia and Inner Mongolia.

China`s biggest coal mining firm, the Shenhua Group, launched a CTL project in Inner Mongolia in 2010. The firm aims to bring total capacity at the plant to 11 million metric tons a year by 2020.

About CHINA MINING

Since first held in 1999, the scope and influence of CHINA MINING has grown rapidly year by year. As a global mining summit forum and exhibition, CHINA MINING Congress and Expo has become one of the world’s top mining events, and one of the world’s largest mining exploration, development and trading platforms, covering all aspects of the whole mining industry chain, including geological survey, exploration and development, mining rights trading, mining investment and financing, smelting and processing, mining techniques and equipment, mining services, etc. playing an active promotion role in creating exchange opportunities and enhancing mutual cooperation between domestic and foreign mining enterprises.

CHINA MINING Congress and Expo 2015 will be held at Meijiang Convention and Exhibition Center in Tianjin on November 20^th-23^rd, 2015. We invite you to join the event and to celebrate the 17^th anniversary of CHINA MINING with us.  For more information about CHINA MINING 2015, please visit: www.chinaminingtj.org.

Vale-designed megaship docks in Qingdao after China lifts ban

Source: www.chinamining.org   Citation: Global Times   Date: July 06, 2015

A huge iron-ore carrier designed by Brazilian mining company Vale anchored at a port in East China over the weekend, local media reported, signifying that the country`s bulk shipping industry has entered the era of megaships.

Docked at Qingdao Port, East China`s Shandong Province, on Saturday, the carrier, named Yuan Zhuo Hai, is a 400,000-ton vessel bought by China Ore Shipping Pte, a joint venture between China`s two leading shipping companies - China COSCO Bulk Co and China Shipping Development Co, Qingdao Evening News reported.

This is the first time a dry-bulk vessel with a 400,000-ton capacity was permitted to anchor at a port in China, the report said. In 2012, the Ministry of Transport, citing technical reasons, banned huge iron-ore carriers from docking at Chinese ports.

The ban was lifted on Thursday with four ports - Qingdao Port in East China`s Shandong Province, Dalian Port in Northeast China`s Liaoning Province, Tangshan Port in North China`s Hebei Province, and Ningbo Port in East China`s Zhejiang Province - being allowed to accommodate huge dry-bulk ships to join the megaship trend, according to a statement jointly issued by the Ministry of Transport and the National Development and Reform Commission.

"Use of megaships has already become an industry trend, which can help shipping companies reduce operating costs," Wu Minghua, a Shanghai-based independent analyst on the shipping industry, told the Global Times Sunday.

In May, China Ore Shipping signed an agreement with Vale to buy four huge iron-ore ships from its Brazilian partner, according to a press release posted on COSCO Group`s website. The carrier Yuan Zhuo Hai is a part of the deal.

"Generally speaking, a vessel with the capacity of 400,000 tons or above can help cut operating costs by 15 percent to 20 percent," said Wu.

Cost saving is widely regarded as a top priority for domestic shipping companies which have been hurt by the economic downturn since 2014.

Unnamed Barclays analysts were quoted by Financial Times on Friday as estimating that each Vale 400,000-ton vessel, known as Valemax, would boost COSCO Group`s earnings by 11 million yuan per year.

However, Wu noted that the economies of scale will not have an immediate effect due to low shipping rates amid weak domestic demand.

Data from the General Administration of Customs shows that China, the world`s largest buyer of iron ore, imported 70.87 million tons of iron ore in May, down 8.41 percent year-on-year.

Baltic Dry Index (BDI), an economic indicator to measure shipping costs for raw materials such as iron ore, stood at 794 on Thursday, dropping 4.22 percent from a week ago.

The BDI will gradually pick up as China has already rolled out a batch of stimulus measures to boost the domestic economy, Shanghai-based Changjiang Securities wrote in a research note late in June.

As for Vale, Wu believed that China`s policy change is a good news, enabling the Brazilian miner to cut shipping costs to Asian markets and better compete with other global miners.

About CHINA MINING

Since first held in 1999, the scope and influence of CHINA MINING has grown rapidly year by year. As a global mining summit forum and exhibition, CHINA MINING Congress and Expo has become one of the world’s top mining events, and one of the world’s largest mining exploration, development and trading platforms, covering all aspects of the whole mining industry chain, including geological survey, exploration and development, mining rights trading, mining investment and financing, smelting and processing, mining techniques and equipment, mining services, etc. playing an active promotion role in creating exchange opportunities and enhancing mutual cooperation between domestic and foreign mining enterprises.

CHINA MINING Congress and Expo 2015 will be held at Meijiang Convention and Exhibition Center in Tianjin on November 20^th-23^rd, 2015. We invite you to join the event and to celebrate the 17^th anniversary of CHINA MINING with us.  For more information about CHINA MINING 2015, please visit: www.chinaminingtj.org.

Shanghai oil & gas exchange starts operations

Source: www.chinamining.org   Citation: chinadaily.com.cn   Date: July 03, 2015

The Ceremony for the Test Run of the Shanghai Petroleum and Natural Gas Exchange

[Photo provided to chinadaily.com.cn]

The Shanghai Petroleum and Natural Gas Exchange (SHPGX), a national-level trading center akin to the Shanghai Energy Exchange and Shanghai Gold Exchange, has started trading in Lujiazui, Shanghai, on July 1.

The center is a platform for spot trading of natural gas, unconventional gas, liquefied petroleum gas, petroleum and other energy products. It adopts a membership system, under which any domestic or foreign member dealer can trade commodities at a listed price or through bidding.

Apart from being the first online trade platform for natural gas and shale gas, the SHPGX is also the first platform, which sees China`s three oil and gas giants, China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC), the Sinopec Corp and the China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC), operating on the same exchange, according to Guo Xu, the chief at SHPGX`s construction working panel.

With a registered capital of 1 billion yuan ($159.7 million), the trade center was founded in March 2015 under a strategic alliance between the Xinhua News Agency and the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), the nation`s top economic planner. It involves 10 enterprises, including China`s three major oil and gas giants.

The trading center established an oil and gas trade and settlement platform as well as an online service system. Positioning itself as a gas trading hub for China, SHPGX also aims to develop into an Asia-Pacific oil and gas pricing and trading center in the future, said Yu Shaoliang, the vice-publisher of Xinhua News Agency at the launching ceremony.

About CHINA MINING

Since first held in 1999, the scope and influence of CHINA MINING has grown rapidly year by year. As a global mining summit forum and exhibition, CHINA MINING Congress and Expo has become one of the world’s top mining events, and one of the world’s largest mining exploration, development and trading platforms, covering all aspects of the whole mining industry chain, including geological survey, exploration and development, mining rights trading, mining investment and financing, smelting and processing, mining techniques and equipment, mining services, etc. playing an active promotion role in creating exchange opportunities and enhancing mutual cooperation between domestic and foreign mining enterprises.

CHINA MINING Congress and Expo 2015 will be held at Meijiang Convention and Exhibition Center in Tianjin on November 20^th-23^rd, 2015. We invite you to join the event and to celebrate the 17^th anniversary of CHINA MINING with us.  For more information about CHINA MINING 2015, please visit: www.chinaminingtj.org.

Construction of China-Russia gas project strengthens energy ties

Source: www.chinamining.org   Citation: Xinhua   Date: July 01, 2015

Construction of the Chinese section of the China-Russia East-Route Natural Gas Pipeline began on Monday, further boosting energy cooperation between the two countries, analysts said.

The Chinese section of the 3,968-kilometer east-route natural gas pipeline originates in northeast China`s Heilongjiang Province and terminates in Shanghai in the east.

It is the largest China-Russia cooperation project and is conducive to diversifying both countries` energy strategy and guaranteeing energy security, Chinese Vice Premier Zhang Gaoli said at the construction commencement ceremony.

The Russian part of the east-route pipeline began construction in eastern Siberia last September. Negotiations on details for a proposed western route are still underway.

"The construction progress of the east route of the pipeline is of great strategic significance. It lifts China-Russia mutual trust and cooperation to a new height," said Professor Liu Yijun with China University of Petroleum.

China National Petroleum Corp (CNPC) and Russian gas giant Gazprom signed a deal for the East-Route Gas Project on May 21, 2014. The 30-year contract will see the east-route pipeline begin providing China with 38 billion cubic meters of natural gas annually from 2018.

Under the bilateral agreement, Russia will export 70 billion cubic meters of natural gas to China every year upon completion of both the east- and west-route gas pipelines.

Strengthening energy cooperation is of great significance to safeguarding the two countries` energy security, said Zhou Dadi, vice director of the China Energy Research Society.

Russia`s energy export to Europe is under great pressure due to the impact of the Ukraine crisis, making it look to the east for a solution, said Feng.

To reduce its reliance on coal and combat pollution, China also needs to import more natural gas, he added.

The gas project is a win-win deal for both countries, said Feng Yujun, head of the Russia Research Institute of China Institutes of Contemporary International Relations.

"The pipeline will provide secure and reliable clean energy for China`s economic development and a long-term stable market for the rich natural gas resources in Russia," he said.

The pipeline is also of great significance for the rejuvenation of the traditional industrial base in northeast China and Russia`s development of the Far East, Feng added.

Aside from natural gas, the two countries should fully utilize the their complementarity advantages to expand all-round cooperation in oil, nuclear energy, coal and electricity.

About CHINA MINING

Since first held in 1999, the scope and influence of CHINA MINING has grown rapidly year by year. As a global mining summit forum and exhibition, CHINA MINING Congress and Expo has become one of the world’s top mining events, and one of the world’s largest mining exploration, development and trading platforms, covering all aspects of the whole mining industry chain, including geological survey, exploration and development, mining rights trading, mining investment and financing, smelting and processing, mining techniques and equipment, mining services, etc. playing an active promotion role in creating exchange opportunities and enhancing mutual cooperation between domestic and foreign mining enterprises.

CHINA MINING Congress and Expo 2015 will be held at Meijiang Convention and Exhibition Center in Tianjin on November 20^th-23^rd, 2015. We invite you to join the event and to celebrate the 17^th anniversary of CHINA MINING with us.  For more information about CHINA MINING 2015, please visit: www.chinaminingtj.org.

Russia now China`s largest crude supplier

Source: www.chinamining.org   Citation: China Daily   Date: June 26, 2015

A supply and storage center for crude from Russia in Daqing, Heilongjiang province. Russia became China`s biggest crude supplier in May, overtaking Saudi Arabia, as the global competition for oil intensified.                                                                                                                                                                              [Photo/Xinhua]

Russia became China`s biggest crude supplier in May, overtaking Saudi Arabia, as the global competition for oil intensified.

China imported a record 3.92 million metric tons of Russian crude during the month, or 927,000 barrels a day, according to data from the General Administration of Customs on Tuesday, a 20 percent increase on April.

Saudi Arabia has slipped to China`s third-largest crude supplier, after Russia and Angola.

The Gulf oil giant exported 42 percent less crude to China compared with the previous month to 3.05 million metric tons, the equivalent of 722,000 barrels a day, according to customs data.

Last year, China imported around 33 million tons of crude from Russia, a 36 percent increase compared with the previous year, according to Wind Information Co, a financial research provider.

Gao Jian, an oil analyst at Sublime China Information, a domestic commodity consultancy, said Russia agreed to settle all of its crude sales to China in renminbi earlier this month, which boosted crude exports to the country.

"The application of renminbi in global oil trading will become a trend as global crude supply increases and China becomes an important buyer with a bigger say," Gao said.

According to BP Plc`s annual energy report, the United States is now the world`s largest oil and natural gas producer, and China`s energy consumption growth is slowing because of the country`s control of its energy-intensive industries.

"All those factors have converted the global crude trade from being a seller`s market into a buyer`s market," Gao said.

According to estimates from the Paris-based International Energy Agency, China, which is the world`s second-largest crude user, will account for 11 percent of world demand this year, making it a key target market for major exporters including Russia, Saudi Arabia and Iraq.

Li Yan, a crude analyst with Shandong Longzhong Information Technology Co Ltd, said Saudi Arabia is losing market share because it is having to compete with other suppliers on price.

"Russia`s weak domestic economy needs help from China. The crude trade between the two countries has become an effective tool for their strategic and political cooperation," he said.

It is the first time since October 2005 that Russia has become China`s top crude supplier, but Moscow has been forced into finding new markets for its crude amid Western sanctions over its ongoing conflict with Ukraine.

Energy cooperation between the two countries is not limited to crude.

In November, they signed a 30-year gas supply contract, making China the biggest consumer of Russian gas.

The new supply will come through China`s western border and is in addition to a $400 billion deal between the nations to deliver 38 billion cubic meters of gas annually to China via an eastern route, starting in 2018.

About CHINA MINING

Since first held in 1999, the scope and influence of CHINA MINING has grown rapidly year by year. As a global mining summit forum and exhibition, CHINA MINING Congress and Expo has become one of the world’s top mining events, and one of the world’s largest mining exploration, development and trading platforms, covering all aspects of the whole mining industry chain, including geological survey, exploration and development, mining rights trading, mining investment and financing, smelting and processing, mining techniques and equipment, mining services, etc. playing an active promotion role in creating exchange opportunities and enhancing mutual cooperation between domestic and foreign mining enterprises.

CHINA MINING Congress and Expo 2015 will be held at Meijiang Convention and Exhibition Center in Tianjin on November 20^th-23^rd, 2015. We invite you to join the event and to celebrate the 17^th anniversary of CHINA MINING with us.  For more information about CHINA MINING 2015, please visit: www.chinaminingtj.org.

Chinese group warns that possible steel output cuts may depress iron ore prices

Source: www.chinamining.org   Citation: Platts   Date: June 25, 2015

Iron ore prices will be under pressure if Chinese steel mills opt for steel output cuts when experiencing greater losses in the coming months, the China Iron & Steel Association warned in its May monthly iron ore market analysis report released Wednesday.

"Iron ore prices may still be able to narrowly range at $60/dmt CFR China throughout June, however, steel mills may be prompted to cut steel production and conduct maintenance if they are facing greater losses in the coming months," the association said.

CISA, therefore, reminded China`s iron ore market participants including traders and mills` procurement officials to closely monitor demand and supply changes in the iron ore market and adjust their stocks accordingly.

In May, iron ore prices stayed firm as arrivals at Chinese ports dropped compared with a year ago due to shipment delays with the heavy rain especially in Australia in April as well as decrease in supplies as some higher-production cost miners halted or cut iron ore output in April when prices hit years` low, CISA said.

Demand from Chinese steel mills, on the other hand, had been strong, with high operational rates of iron-making blast furnaces at their plants.

Procurement officials from Chinese mills agreed on the possibility of steel output cuts in July-August, a low seasonal demand period for steel products with heavy rains in east and south China and high temperature in north China.

"Steel prices have been declining while iron ore prices have been firmly holding above $60/dmt CFR China in June, but sales has not been so bad, so mills still try to produce as much as they can as this will help to keep per tonne production cost low," an official from a mill in north China`s Hebei province said.

When steel sales declines as well, piling up steel inventories, softening steel prices while steady iron ore prices will only lead to higher losses, thus making little sense for steel mills to hold on to high production levels, he added.

So far, steel production cuts have not been a concern in China, as the latest output figures from CISA showed that daily output of its 88 steel mills was 1.8032 million mt/day, up 2.08% from May 21-31, but mills` steel stocks rose as well by 3% from end-May to 16.31 million mt as of June 10.

Last month, Chinese importers applied for Australian iron ore permits totaling 61.88 million mt, down 4.84% month on month, but 29 million mt of iron ore completed Customs clearance, up 31.8% from April, according to the report.

For Brazil, Chinese participants were granted permits to import 23.67 million mt of iron ore in May, up 35.5% on month, and iron ore cleared at the Customs totaled 8.32 million mt in May, up 73% on month.

For iron ore imports under long-term contracts in May, the volume from Australia totaled 80.22 million mt, up 10.6% month on month, with the 60-63% Fe content iron ore remaining the most popular grades.

The volume from Brazil under long-term supplies reached 18.7 million mt in May, largely unchanged with a mere 1.9% increase from April, with the 60-63% Fe content iron ore also being the most preferred cargoes.

About CHINA MINING

Since first held in 1999, the scope and influence of CHINA MINING has grown rapidly year by year. As a global mining summit forum and exhibition, CHINA MINING Congress and Expo has become one of the world’s top mining events, and one of the world’s largest mining exploration, development and trading platforms, covering all aspects of the whole mining industry chain, including geological survey, exploration and development, mining rights trading, mining investment and financing, smelting and processing, mining techniques and equipment, mining services, etc. playing an active promotion role in creating exchange opportunities and enhancing mutual cooperation between domestic and foreign mining enterprises.

CHINA MINING Congress and Expo 2015 will be held at Meijiang Convention and Exhibition Center in Tianjin on November 20^th-23^rd, 2015. We invite you to join the event and to celebrate the 17^th anniversary of CHINA MINING with us.  For more information about CHINA MINING 2015, please visit: www.chinaminingtj.org.

Closer financial ties lift China-Brazil oil cooperation to new level

Source: www.chinamining.org   Citation: Platts   Date: June 23, 2015

Cooperation between China and Brazil in the petroleum sector has been lifted to a new level, as Chinese financial services are playing an increasingly important role in the South American country`s energy industry.

The first five months of 2015 witnessed fast growth of oil trade between the two countries, as Brazil`s oil exports to China increased three-fold compared to the same period last year, making China the largest consumer of Brazilian oil in the world.

Brazil exported 5.4 million tons of oil to China from January to May, accounting for 35 percent of Brazil`s total oil exports in the same period, according to the Brazilian Ministry of Development, Industry and Foreign Trade.

China Petrochemical Corp. (Sinopec), China`s second-largest oil and gas producer, won Brazil`s Gasene gas pipeline construction project in 2004, pioneering cooperation in the petroleum field between the two countries.

Eleven years later, more Chinese energy companies have entered this South American country, and cooperation has expanded to various fields including oil exploration and technology research, trade of petrochemical equipment and products.

In addition to the fast increasing oil trade, China also upgraded its role in Brazil`s oil industry from petroleum pipelines builder to an important investor and partner in exploration of pre-salt oil.

Brazil is an emerging energy superpower. The pre-salt oil reserves found in the waters of its southeastern part in 2007 were estimated to be as much as 70 billion barrels.

Till now, all the four largest Chinese oil companies have entered the pre-salt oil market, mainly through acquisitions.

In 2010, Sinopec invested 7.1 billion U.S. dollars in the Brazilian unit of Spain`s oil giant Repsol YPF SA. The Chinese company also bought 30 percent stake in Portugal`s Gal operations in Brazil.

In 2010, Sinochem Group, China`s fourth-largest oil company, paid a total of 3.07 billion dollars for 40 percent of the Peregrino field in Brazil from Statoil, a Norway-headquartered international energy company.

Three years later, Sinochem bought 35 percent of the stake of the Block BC-10 in Campos Basin from Petrobras at the price of 1.43 billion dollars, which further consolidated Sinochem`s presence in Brazil.

Also in 2013, a consortium of companies including Petrobras, Total, Shell, China National Petroleum Corp. and China National Offshore Oil Corp., won a 35-year production sharing contract to develop the Libra pre-salt oil block in Santos Basin.

"Brazil is a resource-rich country, but it is short on technology and capital," said Liu Yijun, professor at China Petroleum University. "And the low crude prices have opened new opportunities for Chinese companies in Brazil."

Meanwhile, oil cooperation between the two countries has been further boosted by the loans granted by Chinese financial institutions to Brazilian oil companies in recent years.

In 2009, the China Development Bank (CDB) agreed to provide loans of 10 billion dollars to Petrobras in 10 years, and opened a representative office in Rio de Janeiro, its first outlet in Latin America.

In April 2015, the CDB signed with Petrobras an investment contract worth 3.5 billion dollars. The cooperation between the two companies was expanded again during Chinese Premier Li Keqiang`s visit in May with another contract of 1.5 billion dollars of investment and 2 billion dollars of loans.

Petrobras, which has been undergoing financial difficulties, said the company and the CDB "both confirmed their intention to undertake further cooperation in the near future ... to strengthen synergies between the economies of the two countries."

About CHINA MINING

Since first held in 1999, the scope and influence of CHINA MINING has grown rapidly year by year. As a global mining summit forum and exhibition, CHINA MINING Congress and Expo has become one of the world’s top mining events, and one of the world’s largest mining exploration, development and trading platforms, covering all aspects of the whole mining industry chain, including geological survey, exploration and development, mining rights trading, mining investment and financing, smelting and processing, mining techniques and equipment, mining services, etc. playing an active promotion role in creating exchange opportunities and enhancing mutual cooperation between domestic and foreign mining enterprises.

CHINA MINING Congress and Expo 2015 will be held at Meijiang Convention and Exhibition Center in Tianjin on November 20^th-23^rd, 2015. We invite you to join the event and to celebrate the 17^th anniversary of CHINA MINING with us.  For more information about CHINA MINING 2015, please visit: www.chinaminingtj.org.

China free trade agreement broadly positive for Australian thermal coal: bank

Source: www.chinamining.org   Citation: Platts   Date: June 23, 2015

China`s lifting of its 6% import tariff on Australian thermal coal within the next two years should increase Australian export volumes and lower those from countries without a free trade agreement with Beijing, Commonwealth Bank of Australia analyst Vivek Dhar said in a report released Friday, June 19.

The Australian bank`s report said the signing of a bilateral FTA between China and Australia Wednesday would have broadly positive implications for Australian coal exports.

China has committed to immediately abolish its 3% tariff on hard coking coal imports from Australia and phasing out its 6% import tax on Australian PCI coal over the next three years.

Australian thermal coal is subject to a 6% tariff at Chinese ports that is to be gradually reduced to zero over a two-year period.

"The removal of the import tariffs should improve the competitiveness of Australian coking and thermal coal exports relative to Chinese coal and other major exporters to China [except Indonesia, which has an FTA with China]," Dhar said in the report.

"On the margin, this should translate through to stronger Australian coal export volumes, weaker Chinese coal production, lower coal exports from countries that do not have an FTA with China and lower consumer prices in China for Australian coal," he added.

The 43.7% year-on-year decline in China`s imports of Australian thermal coal over January-April reflected underlying weakness in China`s resource-intensive industrial sectors, Dhar said.

"Slowing electricity output as China`s economy slows, a transition away from heavy industry and a shift in energy mix are driving China`s thermal coal demand lower," he said in the report.

Hydroelectricity generation was also playing a greater role in China`s energy mix and was another bearish factor for thermal coal import demand, he said.

Other downside risks for Chinese coal imports include rising domestic coal production, supply chain improvements in China and tougher environmental regulations on coal, he added.

China received 22% of Australia`s 202 million mt thermal coal shipments in the 12 months to April 30, or 45.3 million mt, according to the report.

Other major consumers of Australian thermal coal exports in the 12-month period were Japan at 39% or 79.5 million mt and South Korea at 17% or 33.6 million mt, it added.

China`s demand for imported coking coal has declined in recent months on falling domestic steel output, with total imports falling 24.5% year on year over January-April.

The country imported 41.8 million mt of Australian coking coal cargo in 12 months to April 30, according to the report.

About CHINA MINING

Since first held in 1999, the scope and influence of CHINA MINING has grown rapidly year by year. As a global mining summit forum and exhibition, CHINA MINING Congress and Expo has become one of the world’s top mining events, and one of the world’s largest mining exploration, development and trading platforms, covering all aspects of the whole mining industry chain, including geological survey, exploration and development, mining rights trading, mining investment and financing, smelting and processing, mining techniques and equipment, mining services, etc. playing an active promotion role in creating exchange opportunities and enhancing mutual cooperation between domestic and foreign mining enterprises.

CHINA MINING Congress and Expo 2015 will be held at Meijiang Convention and Exhibition Center in Tianjin on November 20^th-23^rd, 2015. We invite you to join the event and to celebrate the 17^th anniversary of CHINA MINING with us.  For more information about CHINA MINING 2015, please visit: www.chinaminingtj.org.